Altering the language and phrasing to communicate the arguments, ideas, or events more clearly and effectively.These two are often done simultaneously by a single editor. The author of the text or a research peer with relevant subject expertiseĬopy editing and line editing are often used interchangeably because their purposes overlap. Also known as “developmental editing” or “content editing”.Rearranging entire sections of the work.Moving, adding, or deleting significant amounts of text.
However, language editing and proofreading are often done simultaneously by a professional editor with subject expertise and a deep understanding of style conventions and English language rules. The revision order depends on the type of work being revised (research paper, essay, cover letter, etc.) and whether the author is self-editing or receiving help from a peer or professional editor.īasic editing can be done by the author or an experienced peer. This increases the writing’s impact on the reader.Įditing and proofreading can be completed in two separate stages or simultaneously. After reviewing the work to ensure proper content and organization, authors should edit to improve the language and clarity of their ideas and arguments. Language editing is usually done after the first draft of a document is finished.
Proofreading means checking for and fixing objective errors in a text. Both editing and proofreading demand careful attention, but each focuses on different aspects of the writing.
These texts include essays, research papers, journal manuscripts, and other works for publication or submission. Most texts are both edited and proofread after the draft is completed.